ситуация такая: при первом запуске астериска в трубке нет гудка. Чтобы он появился необходимо перезапустить * с ключом vvvcp.

В какой трубке, Trotz? (Их много может быть - хороших и разных).
Используется скрипт safe-asterisk?

Пардон. Некорректно описал. * стартует автоматически при запуске ОС: /etc/init.d/asterisk. Но при этом гудка во всех телефонных трубках, подключенных к fxs нет. При выполнении /etc/init.d/asterisk restart гудок появляется --можно звонить. Так - каждый раз.

Если * стартует автоматически при запуске ОС: /etc/init.d/asterisk и сразу посмотреть
dahdi_cfg -vv
и
CLI>dahdi show channels ?

Permissions?

localhost ~ # dahdi_cfg -vv
DAHDI Tools Version - 2.2.0

DAHDI Version: 2.2.0
Echo Canceller(s): MG2
Configuration
======================


Channel map:

Channel 01: FXS Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 01)
Channel 02: FXS Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 02)
Channel 03: FXS Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 03)
Channel 04: FXS Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 04)
Channel 05: FXS Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 05)
Channel 13: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 13)
Channel 14: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 14)
Channel 15: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 15)
Channel 16: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 16)
Channel 17: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 17)
Channel 18: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 18)
Channel 19: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 19)
Channel 20: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Echo Canceler: mg2) (Slaves: 20)

13 channels to configure.

Setting echocan for channel 1 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 2 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 3 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 4 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 5 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 13 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 14 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 15 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 16 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 17 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 18 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 19 to mg2
Setting echocan for channel 20 to mg2
localhost ~ #

localhost*CLI> dahdi show channels
No such command 'dahdi show channels' (type 'help dahdi show' for other possible commands)
localhost*CLI>

А зачем вы одну проблему запостили в двух топиках? С одинаковой копипастой?
Типа, быстрее получится решить?

после рестарта астериска как сервиса получаем:
Verbosity was 0 and is now 20
localhost*CLI> dahdi show channels
Chan Extension Context Language MOH Interpret Blocked State
pseudo default default In Service
1 all_incoming_ca ru default In Service
2 all_incoming_ca ru default In Service
3 all_incoming_ca ru default In Service
4 all_incoming_ca ru default In Service
5 all_incoming_ca ru default In Service
13 all_outgouing_c ru default In Service
14 all_outgouing_c ru default In Service
15 all_outgouing_c ru default In Service
16 all_outgouing_c default In Service
17 all_outgouing_c default In Service
18 all_outgouing_c default In Service
19 all_outgouing_c default In Service
20 all_outgouing_c default In Service
localhost*CLI>

Раз такое говорит,

Trotz:

localhost*CLI> dahdi show channels
No such command 'dahdi show channels' (type 'help dahdi show' for other possible commands)

то в этот момент не загрузился chan_dahdi, это можно видеть по
CLI>core show channeltypes
Если при этом сделать
CLI>module load chan_dahdi.so
то Астериск скажет почему он не может загрузить. В CLI скажет кратко, а в /var/log/asterisk/full - полно и разборчиво.

А когда Вы все свои проблемы решите?

localhost*CLI> module load chan_dahdi.so
[Dec 1 14:09:52] WARNING[11051]: pbx.c:4550 ast_register_application2: Already have an application 'DAHDISendKeypadFacility'
== Parsing '/etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf': == Found
== Parsing '/etc/asterisk/dahdi-channels.conf': == Found
== Parsing '/etc/asterisk/users.conf': == Found
[Dec 1 14:09:52] WARNING[11051]: chan_dahdi.c:4666 handle_alarms: Detected alarm on channel 1: Red Alarm
-- Registered channel 1, FXS Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 2, FXS Kewlstart signalling
[Dec 1 14:09:52] WARNING[11051]: chan_dahdi.c:4666 handle_alarms: Detected alarm on channel 3: Red Alarm
-- Registered channel 3, FXS Kewlstart signalling
[Dec 1 14:09:52] WARNING[11051]: chan_dahdi.c:4666 handle_alarms: Detected alarm on channel 4: Red Alarm
-- Registered channel 4, FXS Kewlstart signalling
[Dec 1 14:09:52] WARNING[11051]: chan_dahdi.c:4666 handle_alarms: Detected alarm on channel 5: Red Alarm
-- Registered channel 5, FXS Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 13, FXO Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 14, FXO Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 15, FXO Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 16, FXO Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 17, FXO Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 18, FXO Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 19, FXO Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 20, FXO Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 13, FXO Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 14, FXO Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 15, FXO Kewlstart signalling
[Dec 1 14:09:52] WARNING[11051]: chan_dahdi.c:4666 handle_alarms: Detected alarm on channel 1: Red Alarm
-- Registered channel 1, FXS Kewlstart signalling
-- Registered channel 2, FXS Kewlstart signalling
[Dec 1 14:09:52] WARNING[11051]: chan_dahdi.c:4666 handle_alarms: Detected alarm on channel 3: Red Alarm

-- Registered channel 3, FXS Kewlstart signalling
[Dec 1 14:09:52] WARNING[11051]: chan_dahdi.c:4666 handle_alarms: Detected alarm on channel 4: Red Alarm
-- Registered channel 4, FXS Kewlstart signalling
[Dec 1 14:09:52] WARNING[11051]: chan_dahdi.c:4666 handle_alarms: Detected alarm on channel 5: Red Alarm
-- Registered channel 5, FXS Kewlstart signalling
-- Automatically generated pseudo channel
== Registered channel type 'DAHDI' (DAHDI Telephony Driver w/PRI)
== Manager registered action DAHDITransfer
== Manager registered action DAHDIHangup
== Manager registered action DAHDIDialOffhook
== Manager registered action DAHDIDNDon
== Manager registered action DAHDIDNDoff
== Manager registered action DAHDIShowChannels
== Manager registered action DAHDIRestart
Loaded chan_dahdi.so => (DAHDI Telephony w/PRI)
> doing dnsmgr_lookup for 'sip.actionvoip.com'
> doing dnsmgr_lookup for 'sipnet.ru'
> ast_get_srv: SRV lookup for '_sip._UDP.sipnet.ru' mapped to host sipnet.ru, port 5060
> doing dnsmgr_lookup for 'sip.actionvoip.com'
-- Starting simple switch on 'DAHDI/15-1'
-- Hungup 'DAHDI/15-1'
localhost*CLI>